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Home    Μελέτη της παρουσίας των πολυχλωριομένων διφαινυλίων (PBCs) κατά τα στάδια της πρωτογενούς και δευτερογενούς επεξεργασίας αστικών λυμάτων με την τεχνική της αέριας χρωματογραφίας- δίδυμης φασματομετρίας μαζών (GC-MS/MS)  

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Identifier uch.chemistry.msc//2002barouta
Title Μελέτη της παρουσίας των πολυχλωριομένων διφαινυλίων (PBCs) κατά τα στάδια της πρωτογενούς και δευτερογενούς επεξεργασίας αστικών λυμάτων με την τεχνική της αέριας χρωματογραφίας- δίδυμης φασματομετρίας μαζών (GC-MS/MS)
Creator Barouta, Ourania
Abstract The aim of this study is the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in samples taken from different stages of the process followed by the wastewater treatment plant of Heraklion. The above mentioned plant consists of four major unit treatment processes: pre-treatment, primary treatment and secondary treatment of domestic wastewaters and sewages and anaerobic digestion of the sludge. Initially, the samples were extracted and cleaned up in order to remove compounds like lipids, sulphur and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which impede the chromatographic analysis. The concentrations of 19 PCBs were determined by high resolution gas chromatography with electron capture detector and high resolution gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and the results were compared. Total PCBs concentrations in raw wastewater, treated wastewater and in treated sludge ranged from 11 to 64 ng/L, 0.6 to 21 ng/L and 0.6 to 14 ng/g, respectively. The average amount of PCBs which was discharged daily by the wastewater treatment plant to the sea was found 19 g whereas the amount which was discharged daily by the sewage sludge to the landfill of Heraklion was found 20 g. The analysis of the results has shown that PCBs dominate in the particulate phase and their reduction depends upon the removal of suspended solids during the treatment. The process which is more effective for the PCB’s removal is lipids collection due to their lipophilicity. During primary treatment their reduction depends mainly upon the decantation of the suspended matter whereas during the secondary treatment sorption or bioconcentration on the activated sludge seems to be the most possible mechanism. Finally, in anaerobic digestion of the sludge biodegradation is a possible process for the removal of PCBs. Although, not thoroughly studied yet, the escape of PCBs to the atmosphere during secondary treatment and anaerobic digestion of the sludge appears to be an important procedure for the PCB’s reduction.
Issue date 2002-07-01
Date available 2002-11-22
Collection   School/Department--School of Sciences and Engineering--Department of Chemistry--Post-graduate theses
  Type of Work--Post-graduate theses
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