| Abstract |
Introduction: The most common infectious agents that can be transmitted vertically to the fetus or neonate and cause severe complications even death are the Toxoplasma gondii parasite and viruses such as rubella, CMV, HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis. In order to properly develop methods for the prevention of congenital infections in a population, it is necessary to have data on the prevalence of each of the above infections in women of reproductive age. This data in our country is incomplete.
Materials and Methods: The medical files of the pregnant women who gave birth to the Chania General Hospital were studied for the period from December 2017 to December 2018. For the collection of the data, newborns’ medical files containing complete evidence of each mother's pregnancy were reviewed. The demographics of pregnant women, such as age, country of origin and number of previous births, as well as the results from their serological testing for congenital infections were recorded. Seropositivity for Hepatitis B and C, HIV, Syphilis, Rubella, CMV, and Toxoplasma gondii was calculated. Finally, the results were evaluated according to the age and order of birth of the pregnant women.
Results: There were studied 766 newborns’ medical files. The average age (median) of pregnant women was 31years. Based on their origin, they were divided into Greek women who were 70.9% and foreigners 29.1%. The average seroprevalence of the whole population was for Rubella 83.9%, for Toxoplasma 20.9%, 66.2% for CMV, for Hepatitis B 1,2%, for Hepatitis C 0,3% for HIV 0 % and for Syphilis 0.1%. Susceptible for Rubella was found in 12.8% of total population studied. Greek women (57.7%) were found to be susceptible to the Toxoplasma gondii parasite more often compared to foreigners (20.6%) (p 0.012). All pregnant women had 33% immunity for CMV, and Greeks proved to be more immune than foreigners (p <0.001) . The seropositivity of the Greek women for Hepatitis B was 1.1%, while for from Albania, Czech Republic and Morocco (p 0.001). For Hepatitis C, the seropositivity of Greek women was 0.2% and that of foreigners mainly of Ukrainian origin 0.4% (p 0.537). No pregnant woman was found positive for HIV while one incident of pregnant Romanian origin with syphilis was recorded. Seropositive, CMV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV, pregnant women were almost universal (> 96.7%) while for Syphilis the control rate was only 8%.
Conclusions: It is noted that a significant proportion of pregnant remain susceptible to Rubella, Toxoplasma and CMV and that the seropositivity of Hepatitis B, C and Syphilis is low and consistent with international standards. Almost all of pregnant women in the prefecture of Chania had complete serological testing, with the exception of the test for Syphilis which was incomplete. Similarly well-designed multicenter studies will help to illustrate the overall epidemiological situation in Greece and, in the light of these results, to assess the need for national prenatal or neonatal screening programs.foreigners was 1.3% with origins
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Ορολογικός έλεγχος συγγενών λοιμώξεων στην κύηση, Γ.Ν. Χανίων ,2018
