E-Locus - Institutional Repository of the University of Crete - Ανάλυση και μελέτη βιολογικής δραστικότητας των συστατικών της ρητίνης του φυτού Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia (Μαστίχα της Χίου)

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Identifier

000337311

Title

Ανάλυση και μελέτη βιολογικής δραστικότητας των συστατικών της ρητίνης του φυτού Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia (Μαστίχα της Χίου)

Alternative Title

Analysis and biological activity studies of components from the resin of the plant Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia (Chios mastic gum)

Author

Κοκολάκης, Αντώνιος Κ

Thesis advisor

Κατερινόπουλος, Χαράλαμπος Ε.

Abstract

Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia (L.) is an evergreen shrub belonging to the genus Pistacia of the Anacardiaceae family, growing in the eastern Mediterranean area. The variety Chia (Duham.) is exclusively cultivated in the southern region of the island of Chios, in the Aegean Sea, Greece. The resin of the plant, called mastic gum, is obtained as an exudate after carving the trunk and branches of the tree. Mastic gum has been used in Greek folklore medicine for various gastrointestinal disorders such as gastralgia, dyspepsia, and peptic ulcer for more than 2,500 years. Hippocrates, Dioscurides, Theophrastus, and Galenos, mentioned its pharmaceutical properties and recommended its use. This research project focuses in the isolation and identification of biologically active components from Chios mastic gum. The chemical composition of the gum consists of the polymeric fraction (mainly β-polymyrcene), the acidic and neutral fractions of the extracts, as well as its essential oil. The neutral fraction consists of pentacyclic terpenoids, while the acidic fraction contains mainly triterpenic acids such as masticadienonic acid, isomasticadienonic acid, oleanonic acid and moronic acid. The essential oil was isolated via hydrodistillation, and among various conditions of distillation applied, the use of 10% phosphoric acid in the distillation medium optimized the yield of the oil without affecting its constitution. A total of 64 components were identified via GC/MS. In 1998 a note appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine reporting on the activity of mastic gum extracts against Helicobacter pylori. Our in vitro work indicated that the activity was exhibited mainly by the essential oil and the acidic fraction. Folklore medicine information also indicated that the mastic components may beactive against diabetes. A series of in vivo experiments with Sprague-Dawley rats indicated that daily consumption of mastic resulted in 40% decrease in blood glucose levels in high fat died-fed rats that also received streptozotoxin injection according to a protocol that induces diabetes II in rats

Language

Greek

Subject

Diabetes mellitus type II

Helicobacter pylori

Hydrodistillation

Mastic essential oil

Mastic gum

Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia

Resin

Triterpenoids

Διαβήτης τύπου II