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Identifier

000381912

Title

Διαταραχή ελλειμματικής προσοχής-υπερκινητικότητας (ΔΕΠΥ) : Τελευταίες εξελίξεις στη γενετική τη νευροαπεικόνιση και τη θεραπεία

Alternative Title

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD):

Author

Κοζυράκη, Μαρία

Thesis advisor

Θερμού, Κυριακή

Abstract

The Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common inherited neurobiological disorder that begins in childhood and often extends into adulthood. The large volume of studies so far shows that the genetic basis of the disorder is complex and includes a large number of genes with small individual effects. In studies of individual genes greater association with ADHD show the dopaminergic receptor D4 (DRD4), and D5 (DRD5) genes, the dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH)gene, the protein SNAP-25 gene, the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4)gene and the serotonin receptor 1B (HTR1B) gene. In studies of the whole genome greater association with ADHD show the CDH13 gene and large rare copy number variants (CNVs). Neuroimaging studies show that people with ADHD: 1) have a significant decrease in total brain volume, 2) exhibit changes in brain structure, mainly in the frontal-striatal circuit and elsewhere (such as in the cerebellum), 3) exhibit thinning of the cerebral cortex, 4) exhibit changes in the connectivity between different brain regions, and finally, 5) appear to have abnormal growth of the cerebral cortex or delayed maturation of normal cortex. The disorder seems mainly to involve the dopaminergic and adrenergic neurotransmitter systems in the brain. Drugs for ADHD act by blocking the reuptake of dopamine and/or noradrenaline and/or by promoting their release in the synaptic cleft. The most effective drugs are psychostimulants, such as methylphenidate, and the therapeutic effect is better when medication is combined with psychotherapy.

Language

Greek

Subject

ADHD

Genetics

Neuroimagine

Treatment

Γενετική

ΔΕΠΥ

Θεραπεία

Νευροαπεικόνηση

Issue date