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Identifier 000419776
Title Chitin‐related changes in resistant Anopheles gambiae leg, possibly associated with resistance to insecticide
Alternative Title Αλλαγές σε επίπεδο χιτίνης στα πόδια ανθεκτικών κουνουπιών Anopheles gambiae που πιθανώς συνδέονται με την ανθεκτικότητά τους σε εντομοκτόνα
Author Κοΐδου, Βενετία Π.
Thesis advisor Βόντας, Ιωάννης
Abstract Insects have a protective exoskeleton made up of a multi-­‐layered cuticle that helps to withstand various environmental and pathogenic challenges. Against pyrethroid insecticides, Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, have developed multiple resistance mechanisms, such as target site and metabolic resistance. A newly investigated and proposed mechanism concerns of the thickening and the composition alteration of the leg cuticle, resulting in slower rates of insecticide penetration. According to previously published data, cuticle analysis indicated that resistant mosquitoes had a thicker epicuticular layer and a significant increase in cuticular hydrocarbon content. Furthermore, in a very recent study (Balabanidou et al, unpublished), the leg proteome, analyzed by gel based proteomics, consisted of 1,120 proteins, with energy production and lipid metabolism proteins being enriched. Comparative proteomic analysis between legs from insecticide resistant and susceptible Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, showed that the most up-­‐regulated proteins were the structural chitin-­‐binding cuticular proteins, in agreement with a leg-­‐thickening phenotype. It was hypothesized that this differential expression of these proteins may play a role in the chitin biosynthetic pathway, as chitin is closely associated with them. In the present study, CPR125, CPR140, CPR151 and the CPCFC1 cuticular proteins were confirmed over-­‐ expressed in resistant legs validating the proteomic data. Immunohistochemical analysis of CPR125 and CPCFC1 proteins, revealed an overexpression in endocuticle of resistant legs, in contrast to the susceptible ones. In addition, chitin content was successfully measured in the legs and found increased in resistant mosquitoes. Finally, key enzymes of the chitin biosynthetic pathway (Chitin Synthase 1 and Trehalose-­‐6-­‐ phosphate phosphatase) were found up-­‐regulated, indicating a possible up-­‐regulation of the chitin biosynthesis pathway. These changes in the resistant Anopheles gambiae leg, at cuticular protein and chitin biosynthesis level, could possibly be related to the resistant phenotype and penetration resistant mechanism.
Language English
Subject Cuticle
Mosquito
Pyrethroids
Εξωσκελετός
Πυρεθροειδή
Χιτίνη
Issue date 2018-11-23
Collection   School/Department--School of Sciences and Engineering--Department of Biology--Post-graduate theses
  Type of Work--Post-graduate theses
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