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Identifier

uch.chemistry.phd//2002mandalakis

Title

Μελέτη του γίγνεσθαι των Πολυχλωριωμένων Διφαινυλίων στην ατμόσφαιρα της ανατολικής Μεσογείου

Alternative Title

Study on the Fate of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Atmosphere of Eastern Mediterranean

Author

Μανδαλάκης, Μανώλης

Thesis advisor

Στεφάνου, Ευριπίδης

Abstract

Α highly sensitive and selective method was developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of polychlorinated biphenyls. This method was based on the use of gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The concentration of PCBs that was determined in the atmosphere of Finokalia (northeastern Crete, Greece) was much lower than the corresponding concentrations measured in other sites around the world. It was supported that Finokalia is far away from significant sources of PCBs and that long-range transport will be the main factor controlling the atmospheric levels of PCBs in this area. The dry deposition flux of PCBs measured in the area of Finokalia was much lower than the corresponding fluxes determined in other sites around the world. Moreover, the wet deposition flux of PCBs at Finokalia was approximately four times higher than the flux due to dry deposition in the same area, while it was similar with the wet deposition fluxes measured in other sites around Europe. This is the first study where field measurements confirm that the reaction of PCBs with OH radicals will be a significant loss process of PCBs in the atmosphere. It was calculated that approximately 130 Kg of PCBs exist in the atmosphere above eastern Mediterranean Sea. It was estimated that about 2 tons of PCBs are deposited each year onto the total surface of eastern Mediterranean Sea, due to the dry and wet deposition of gaseous and particulate PCBs of the atmosphere. It was further estimated that about 4 tons of PCBs will be destroyed each year in the atmosphere of Eastern Mediterranean, mainly due to the reaction with the hydroxyl radicals. Assuming steady state conditions for the mass balance of PCBs, it was estimated that about 6 tons of PCBs should be transported each year into the atmosphere of eastern Mediterranean due to the movement of air masses.

Language

Greek

Subject

Analytical method

Atmosphere

Deposition

Destruction

Mass balance

Polychlorinated biphenyls

Transport

Volatilization

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