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Identifier

000457069

Title

Exosomes, the role of small vesicles in lung cancer proliferation and treatment

Alternative Title

Εξωσώματα ο ρόλος των μικρών κυστιδίων στην ανάπτυξη ,την μετάσταση και την θεραπεία του καρκίνου του πνεύμονα

Author

Παπαδάκης, Μιχαήλ

Thesis advisor

Αγγελάκη, Σοφία

Reviewer

Βασιλακοπούλου, Μαρία
Κουτσόπουλος, Αναστάσιος

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EV) include a diverse population of membrane-bound vesicles released by various cells of our body. Based on their size and biogenesis, they have been categorized into subtypes including exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), ectosomes, oncosomes, and apoptotic bodies; EV is understood to be a generic term that refers to secreted vesicles. EVs are an important cargo carrier of various cell-derived bioactive molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites, and circulate in extracellular spaces in biofluids such as blood, ascites, urine, and saliva. The potential for EV applications has been expanding quite rapidly, particularly in cancer-related fields. In cancer biology, the role of EVs is now recognized in oncogenesis, metastatic cascade, and resistance to chemotherapy. Circulating EVs are also considered an essential clinical target for use as disease biomarkers as they carry tumor-specific molecules such as neoantigen proteins, RNA, and DNA, leading to the realization of liquid biopsies for cancer diagnosis and management. Moreover, nano-technology-based approaches have also emerged to obtain high-quality EVs through easy and high-throughput methods. Moreover, EVs also have promising potential as therapeutics, as they can act as carriers to deliver therapeutic agents and contribute to other therapeutic approaches. In the current thesis we present a detailed overview of the molecular cascades, through which EVs are being formed and released into the circulation, as well as their reported role in the formation and progression of lung cancer, with notable emphasis on the exosome mediated tumor metastasis and tumor alterations regarding immune surveillance. There will be reviewed the potential therapeutic advantage of exosome manipulation production in modern clinical practice, as those small vesicles can be applied as both biomarkers of predictive value and as a novel, specific targeted cancer therapy.

Language

English

Subject

Applications

Liquid biopsies

Tumor microenviroment

Tumor progression

Εξωκυττάρια κυστίδια

Υγρές βιοψίες

Issue date

2023-07-28

Collection