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Identifier 000409568
Title Functional analysis and characterization of insecticide target and detoxification proteins in insect pests and disease vectors
Alternative Title Λειτουργική ανάλυση και χαρακτηρισμός στόχου εντομοκτόνων και πρωτεϊνών αποτοξικοποίησης σε επιβλαβή έντομα και φορείς ασθενειών
Author Πιπίνη, Δήμητρα Μ.
Thesis advisor Βόντας, Ιωάννης
Reviewer Μπουριώτης, Βασίλειος
Λάμπρου, Νικόλαος
Abstract Insect pests are major threats for public health and agriculture, as they transmit various diseases and attack agricultural crops. Their control has been largely relied on the use of chemical insecticides. However their intensive use has resulted in many problems including the development of resistance – mainly achieved by detoxification enzymes and target site resistance mutations – effects in human health and environmental impacts. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance as well as developing novel ways for insect control, more efficient, selective and environmentally safe are a clear and urgent need. In this thesis, we used techniques of molecular biology, protein expression approaches and biochemical/functional techniques to a) investigate detoxification mechanisms of major mosquito vectors against insecticides and b) attempt to functionally express a pest chitin deacetylase to further evaluate it as a potential target for novel pesticides. First, three mosquito UGTs, previously associated with insecticide resistance in two major vectors of human diseases, were cloned and expressed in insect cells using the baculovirus expression system and were tested for their ability to glycosylate known insecticide metabolites. AgUGT1 from Anopheles gambiae, the major malaria vector, associated with resistance to insecticides of the pyrethroid class, were functionally expressed and tested for their activity towards the pyrethroid metabolites 3-Phenoxybenzyl alcohol (PBAlc) and 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (PBA). Aealbo_UGT1 and Aealbo_UGT2 from Aedes albopictus, the Asian Tiger mosquito, vector of arboviruses such as dengue, associated with resistance to the organophosphate temephos were expressed and, as well as AgUGT1, were active showing glucosyltransferase activity towards the common UGT substrate a-naphthol. In the second chapter, we tried to express and characterize a possible chitin deacetylase from the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera to further study it as a possible target for the design and development of novel pesticides.
Language English
Subject Chitin deacetylase
Detoxification enzymes
UDP-Glucosyltransferase
UDP-Γλυκοζυλτρανσφεράσες
Ένζυμα αποτοξικοποίησης
Απακετυλάσες χιτίνης
Στόχοι εντομοκτόνων
Issue date 2017-07-21
Collection   School/Department--School of Sciences and Engineering--Department of Biology--Post-graduate theses
  Type of Work--Post-graduate theses
Permanent Link https://elocus.lib.uoc.gr//dlib/e/3/b/metadata-dlib-1496068887-985159-8679.tkl Bookmark and Share
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