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Identifier

000404125

Title

Έκθεση σε βαρέα μέταλλα κατά την εγκυμοσύνη & βάρος γέννησης νεογνού, σωματική ανάπτυξη και παχυσαρκία στην παιδική ηλικία: ανάλυση δεδομένων από τη μελέτη «Ρέα».

Alternative Title

Association of prenatal exposure to heavy metals with birth weight, infant development and obesity in early childhood: The Rhea Mother- Child Cohort (Crete, Greece)

Author

Πενθερουδάκη, Ειρήνη

Thesis advisor

Χατζή, Λήδα

Reviewer

Βαφειάδη, Μαρίνα
Ρουμελιωτάκη, Θεανώ

Abstract

Prenatal exposure to toxic metals such as arsenic and cadmium, through diet, water or tobacco smoking, potential daily or weekly administration of iron to women who already have sufficient iron stores with increased risk of oxidative stress, is a growing concern for their impact on intrauterine life and early years of the child. Also, zinc and selenium are essential micronutrients for humans and play an important role as cofactors for several enzymes involved in energy metabolism and antioxidant protection of cells. The objective of this study, was to examine the association between metal exposure during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes including birth weight, child growth and obesity up to the age of 4. This study included 515 women with singleton pregnancy. The study population is part of the “Rhea” Mother- child Cohort in Crete- Greece, with complete data for exposure in metals and micronutrients during pregnancy, the outcome of childbirth and child growth up to 4 years. Participants were asked to complete detailed questionnaires that covered demographic and medical features and also way of living during pregnancy. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy to measure the concentrations of urinary cadmium, arsenic, zinc, iron and selenium (adjusted for specific gravity) at early pregnancy. The measurements took place in “Karolinka Institutet”, Stockholm, Sweden. Information on anthropometric measures at birth was obtained from the hospital delivery logs and medical records. At child follow-up visits trained research assistants measured weight, height, waist circumference and the thickness of four skinfolds. Analyses were conducted using STATA software, version 13.0 (Stata Corp College Station TX). Multivariate linear regression models were used to examine the association between exposures and continuous outcomes. Univariate associations between several covariates with the exposures and outcomes were examined. All multivariate analyses were adjusted for maternal age at delivery, maternal education, smoking during pregnancy, pre- pregnancy BMI, parity, child’s age at assessment. We observed an association between maternal urinary iron concentrations and birth weight (β=-55,342 95%CI (-104,719 έως -5,965) and also that there is an inverse association between maternal urinary zinc concentrations and the risk of overweight/ obesity at preschool age (RR per doubling of exposure=0,811;95% CI: 0,682, 0,964)The findings support the need for further evaluation of maternal iron excess and its association with an unfavourable pregnancy outcome but also the importance of prenatal trace elements against early development of childhood obesity.

Language

Greek

Subject

Child obesity

Micronutrients

Ανάπτυξη παιδιού

Issue date

2016-12-13

Collection

School/Department--School of Medicine--Department of Medicine--Post-graduate theses

Type of Work--Post-graduate theses

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