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Identifier

000403545

Title

Μελέτη της διαρροής πατρικού μιτοχονδριακού DNA και της ετεροπλασμίας σε ενδο- και διαειδικές διασταυρώσεις Drosophila

Alternative Title

Study of the leakage of paternal mitochondrial DNA and hetoroplasmy in drosophila intra- and interspecific crosses

Author

Παρακατσελάκη, Μαρία-Ελένη Ε.

Thesis advisor

Λαδουκάκης, Εμμανουήλ

Reviewer

Κωτούλας, Γεώργιος
Πουλακάκης, Νικόλαος

Abstract

Leakage of paternal mtDNA, namely the transmission of paternal mtDNA along with maternal mtDNA, is a phenomenon that is increasingly observed in inter- and intraspecific crosses. Leakage results in the occurrence of heteroplasmic progeny, in which two distinct mitochondrial haplotypes can be found. Due to this fact, mitochondrial genomes are given the opportunity to coexist with different mitochondrial genomes, recombine and prevent the accumulation of deleterious mutations that happens when the genomes are transmitted asexually. In this study we are trying to understand the occurrence of leakage and the resulting heteroplasmy in Drosophila crosses. In the first series of experiments we wanted to determine if the leakage observed in Drosophila hybrids is related to the parental mitochondrial haplotypes. Through two series of interspecific crosses, PCR designed to amplify each time only one of the two parental haplotypes and statistical analysis, we concluded that the male-biased leakage observed in progeny is independent of the haplotypes that the parents carried. In the second series of experiments the heteroplasmy and the factors they affect it (development temperature, sex of the progeny, mother’s age) are studied. According to Wright’s model for the genetic drift, the heteroplasmy in the strain being studied is transmitted because it is adaptive. Measurements of the two distinct haplotypes showed that their levels are influenced the same way by developmental temperature and mother’s age, leading to the hypothesis that these factors affect the mitochondrial copy number. Furthermore, a decrease in one of the haplotypes occurs in males that were developed in 29^οC. In higher temperature and the resulting stress induction, there is a possibility that discordance between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA arises. Finally, the results indicate that heteroplasmy may be more adaptive for female progeny than male progeny, a phenomenon known as mother’s curse.

Language

Greek

Subject

Heteroplasmy

MtDNA inheritance

Paternal mtDNA leakage

Διαρροή πατρικού mtDNA

Ετεροπλασμία

Κληρονόμηση mtDNA

Issue date

2016-11-18

Collection