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| Identifier |
000400995 |
| Title |
Molecular characterization of duodenal CCK-containing enteroendocrine cells |
| Alternative Title |
Μοριακός χαρακτηρισμός των εντεροενδοκρινών κυττάρων χολοκυστοκινίνης του δωδεκαδάκτυλου |
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Author
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Συκαράς, Αλέξανδρος Γ.
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Thesis advisor
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Ζαννής, Βασίλειος
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Reviewer
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Καρδάσης, Δημήτριος
Μπούμπας, Δημήτριος
Θερμού, Κυριακή
Γραβάνης, Αχιλλέας
Τσατσάνης, Χρήστος
Γουλιέλμος, Γεώργιος
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| Abstract |
The enteroendocrine system orchestrates the physiological responses to food intake.
Enteroendocrine (EEC) cells sense nutrients and secrete hormones in response to
them. There are more than fifteen subtypes of EEC cells that secrete a range of gut
hormones, which play a pivotal role in the co-ordination of food digestion, control of
appetite and the regulation of glucose homeostasis. I-cells represent a subset of
enteroendocrine cells that are mainly localized in the proximal small intestine
(duodenum) and release cholecystokinin (CCK) in response to nutrients (mainly fat).
CCK is the archetypal satiety hormone that transmits anorectic signals to the brain via
a gut-to-brain signalling pathway, mediated by vagal afferent neurons. Additionally,
CCK has a key pro-digestive function by inhibiting gastric emptying and stimulating
the release of bile from the gallbladder and the secretion of pancreatic enzymes.
Until recently, the characterization of enteroendocrine cells has been restricted to cell
line models. The development of transgenic animal models with genetically tagged
enteroendocrine cells enabled us to study native enteroendocrine cells. We used a
transgenic mouse model that express enhanced Green Fluorescence Protein (eGFP)
under the control of Cck gene promoter, in order to study native I-cells.
Initially, we developed a robust protocol for the isolation of duodenal CCK-containing
cells that represent the typical I-cells. By using semi-quantitative RT-PCR, we
revealed that duodenal I-cells contain mRNA transcripts encoding key long chain fatty
acid (LCFA), short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and endocannabinoid receptors. We also
analysed the gut hormone content of duodenal I-cells and found that a subpopulation
of CCK-containing cells co-express CCK with proglucagon, glucose-dependent
insulinotropic peptide (GIP), Peptide YY (PYY), neurotensin, secretin and surprisingly
the orexigenic hormone ghrelin. Our findings suggest that duodenal I-cells have the
capacity to sense LCFA, SCFA, fatty acid lipid amides and intestinal endocannabinoid
peptides. They also indicate that there is a significant overlap between I-cells and
other subsets of EEC cells and that a subset of I-cells may co-release CCK with other
gut hormones.
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| Language |
English |
| Subject |
Gut hormones |
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Metabolism |
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Receptors |
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Εντερικές ορμόνες |
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Μεταβολισμός |
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Υποδοχείς |
| Issue date |
2015-11-13 |
| Collection
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School/Department--School of Medicine--Department of Medicine--Doctoral theses
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Type of Work--Doctoral theses
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| Permanent Link |
https://elocus.lib.uoc.gr//dlib/e/9/5/metadata-dlib-1463652748-458101-20214.tkl
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| Views |
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