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Identifier

000390261

Title

Synthesis and characterization of porous polymer nanoparticles for gas separation applications

Author

Φλουράκη, Χαρίκλεια

Thesis advisor

Βαμβακάκη, Μαρία
Καλύβα, Μαρία

Reviewer

Πετεκίδης, Γεώργιος
Αρματάς, Γεράσιμος

Abstract

In the past decades, environmental issues have attracted a lot of research attention due to climate changes, global warming and limitations of the energy resources. The rising levels of CO2 emissions causing global warming demand the development of novel processes based on advanced materials for CO2 capture. Moreover, a promising solution both environmentally and economically for the energy power problem is biogas which consists mainly of methane (CH4 ~55-80 vol %) and CO2 (~20-45 vol %). However, to be effective as a fuel, biogas has first to be purified from its substantial amount of CO2 and the lower fraction of H2S (~0-1 vol %), since these gases reduce its energy content and also lead to the corrosion of the natural gas pipelines. Microporous organic polymers with certain properties including large surface areas, narrow pore size distribution, and high chemical and thermal stability are excellent candidates for potential applications in gas capture and separation. In response to that, we report a simple and facile method for the synthesis of porous porphyrin containing polystyrene particles. The synthesis is based on the development of a tetra-methacrylate functionalized porphyrin derivative via an esterification reaction of a tetrahydroxy porphyrin analogue which served as a tetra-functional cross-linker.The porous cross-linked polymer nanoparticles were synthesized by free-radical emulsion copolymerization of styrene (St) with the tetra-methacrylate functionalized monomer 5,10,15,20- Tetrakis(4-hydroxylphenyl)-21H,23H-porphine (PO) and the bifunctional cross-linker divinylbenzene (DVB). The cross-link density of the polymer network was varied by keeping the St/cross-linker mole ratio constant at 40/60 and progressively increasing the PO mole ratio from 0.9 to 12 mole % with respect to the total monomer and crosslinker content. The morphology and the size of the nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. The experimental fraction of the porphyrin moieties incorporated within the particles was determined by UV/Vis measurements. The permanent porosity of the PO-S-D materials was confirmed by nitrogen and carbon dioxide adsorption experiments. Analysis of the adsorption data using the ideal adsorption solution theory revealed the potential use of these materials in CO2/CH4 separation applications.

Language

English, Greek

Subject

Gas Separation

Polymer

Porphyrin

Issue date

2014-11-21

Collection

School/Department--School of Sciences and Engineering--Department of Materials Science and Technology--Post-graduate theses

Type of Work--Post-graduate theses

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