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Identifier

000374800

Title

Η μελέτη της εξέλιξης των χειρουργικών επεμβάσεων και εργαλείων της πλαστικής χειρουργικής κατά την Ελληνική αρχαιότητα και το Βυζάντιο

Alternative Title

A study of the evolution of plastic surgery operations and instruments during ancient Greek and Byzantine times.

Author

Παπαδάκης, Μάριος

Thesis advisor

Eelco de Bree

Reviewer

Βελεγράκης, Γεώργιος
Τρομπούκης, Κωνσταντίνος
Παπαδόπουλος, Όθων
Σοφράς, Φραγκίσκος
Κατώνης,, Παύλος
Μακρυγιαννάκης, Αντώνιος

Abstract

The term plastic surgery (derived from the Greek verb platho, meaning to shape) was first used by Edward Zeis in 1838. In Greece, Plastic Surgery was officially recognized as a distinct surgical specialty in 1954. Nevertheless, Plastic Surgery appeared to have been highly developed in Greek antiquity and Byzantium and did not come up as a novelty in the middle of the 19th century. Ancient Plastic Surgery operations include facial operations, operations upon the trunk and the extremities, correction of skin defects and skin tumor excision in general. Antyllus recommends the creation of an H-shaped advancement flap for the management of skin defects. His principles of reconstruction are regarded as "sine qua non" for current plastic surgery. Ancient Facial plastic surgery operations regard the outer ear (earlobe defects and aural atresia), the nose (nasal fractures and reconstructive rhinoplasty), the eyelids (ectropion, lagophthalmus, palpebral adhesions, entropion and cystic palpebral lesions), the lips and the oral cavity (ankyloglossia (tongue-tie), jaw fractures and dislocations). Except for the aesthetic correction of gynecomastia, surgical removal of breast tumors and lymph node dissections are described as well. Operations upon the extremities involve surgical correction of polydactyly (extra digits), syndactyly (fused digits), nail operations and limb amputations. There are many references to operations upon the perineum for hypospadias, phimosis, paraphimosis, preputial adhesions, foreskin reconstruction, scrotal relaxation, penile tumors, vaginal atresia and hermaphroditism. Moreover, surgical and non-surgical interventions for burns, ulcers, scars and several solid and cystic skin lesions are outlined. Considering the wide spectrum of such highly demanding plastic surgery procedures, one can assume that the surgical instruments used, were probably of excellent quality and precision. Most of these instruments are today named with the surnames of their 19th-20th century inventors.

Language

Greek

Subject

Antiquity

Byzantium

History of medicine

Plastic surgery

Surgery

Surgical instruments

Αρχαιότητα

Βυζάντιο

Ιστορία Ιατρικής