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Identifier

000434000

Title

Analysis of insecticide resistance mechanisms in enemies of public health and agriculture with the use of -omics technologies and bioinformatics

Alternative Title

Μοριακή ανάλυση ανθεκτικότητας εντόμων υγειονομικής σημασίας και εχθρών καλλιεργειών στα εντομοκτόνα με χρήση ομικών τεχνολογιών και βιοπληροφορικής

Author

Χαραμής, Ιάσωνας Μ.

Thesis advisor

Βόντας, Ιωάννης

Reviewer

Παυλίδης, Παύλος
Νικολάου, Χριστόφορος

Abstract

Insecticide resistance imposes great challenges in public health and global food security. This study focused on investigating mechanisms of insecticide resistance by using genomic and transcriptomic data. More specifically, we studied the possible association of gene transcripts expressed in the legs of resistant mosquitoes with insecticide resistance. The transcriptomic data suggest that the constitutive resistance phenotype is associated with the over-expression of cytochrome P450s and other detoxification enzymes, while there is also a possible contribution of cuticular resistance mechanisms. Moreover, to uncover genes participating in deltamethrin induction we examined the leg-specific transcriptomic profile of this highly resistant strain after exposure to deltamethrin. The results of the transcriptomic analysis suggest that deltamethrin induces the expression of genes coding for detoxification enzymes and chemosensory proteins with a possible pyrethroid-protecting role. In addition, it also indicates the involvement of GPCRs in the development of resistance after exposure to the insecticide. Further, we studied the evolution of cytochrome P450s in the olive fly Bactrocera oleae and performed phylogenetic comparisons with the P450omes of Drosophila melanogaster and Ceratitis capitata. This analysis demonstrated that B. oleae bears expansions in the CYP12A and CYP12E subfamilies belonging to the mitochondrial clan and the CYP6A and CYP6G subfamilies belonging to the CYP3 clan of cytochrome P450s. In summary, this study demonstrates the complex mechanisms controlling constitutive resistance and deltamethrin induction in A. coluzzii and has generated a valuable genomic resource for experimental and computational studies in B. oleae.

Language

English

Subject

Cytochrome P450

Genomics

Malaria vector

Olive fruit fly

Transcriptomics

Issue date

2020-11-27

Collection

School/Department--School of Sciences and Engineering--Department of Biology--Post-graduate theses