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| Identifier |
000397204 |
| Title |
Acoustic DNA detection for cancer diagnosis |
| Alternative Title |
Ανίχνευση DNA με τη χρήση ακουστικού βιοαισθητήρα και εφαρμογή στη διαγνωστική του καρκίνου |
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Author
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Στρατιώτης, Δημήτριος Ι.
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Thesis advisor
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Γκιζελή, Ηλέκτρα
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Reviewer
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Αλεξανδράκη, Δέσποινα
Κοκκινίδης, Μιχαήλ
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| Abstract |
In 1948 Mandel and Metais discovered the presence of Nucleic Acids in the human circulatory system (cNAs). This finding gained medical importance, since it was shown that, even at the onset of tumor diseases, and during cancer progression, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), which carries genetic and epigenetic information, could be detected at the blood of cancer patients, as a portion of the total cell-free circulating DNA (cfcDNA). CfcDNA is present at both healthy individuals and patients; nevertheless the total cfcDNA concentration is increasing during cancer development. It is known that ctDNA is responsible for the total cfcDNA concentration increase. This implies that ctDNA except for a useful qualitative biomarker, is also a good quantitative biomarker, which could be used for cancer early diagnosis, monitoring as well as an indicator of the therapy efficiency in tumor malignancies, and these reasons underscore the efficiency and the accuracy of ctDNA as a cancer biomarker. Despite the importance of ctDNA, analysis of patients sample is currently based on methods like real-time PCR, digital PCR and methylation specific PCR, and the preparatory steps of the samples can affect the clinical results. Biosensors are electronic devices able to detect and analyze DNA interactions and DNA hybridization processes in real-time, in a label-free way with high accuracy and the examples of these uses, in the field of acoustic biosensor development, are abundant in the scientific literature. In this experimental process Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) acoustic sensors were used to detect small concentrations of DNA (concentrations that resemble ctDNA concentrations at the onset of the disease and later stages) as a mean to study the potential use of QCM sensors in integrative diagnostic platforms for applications in cancer early diagnosis and monitoring. Since the DNA mass is not causing a signal after adsorption on the sensor‟s surface I used liposomes as amplifying elements of the acoustic signal. The results show the ability of QCM-D biosensors to detect fM concentrations of ssDNA analytes.
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| Language |
English |
| Subject |
Cell-free circulating DNA (cfcDNA) |
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Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) |
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Diagnostic integrated platforms |
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Point of care |
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Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM-D) |
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Ελεύθερο κυκλοφορούν DNA |
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Καρκίνος |
| Issue date |
2015-11-20 |
| Collection
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School/Department--School of Sciences and Engineering--Department of Biology--Post-graduate theses
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Type of Work--Post-graduate theses
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| Permanent Link |
https://elocus.lib.uoc.gr//dlib/6/a/0/metadata-dlib-1447926089-107322-14230.tkl
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| Views |
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