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Identifier

000419380

Title

Ανάλυση οργανικών υπολειμμάτων σε αρχαιολογικά όστρακα με τη φασματοσκοπία Πυρηνικού Μαγνητικού Συντονισμού

Alternative Title

Analysis of organic residues in archaeological pottery by NMR spectroscopy

Author

Τσάνα, Ειρήνη Σιμονέλα

Transcriber

Σπύρος, Απόστολος

Reviewer

Άγγλος, Δημήτριος
Περγαντής, Σπύρος

Abstract

The present M.Sc. thesis reports the application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy, NMR to the study of archaeological ceramic vessels found in two storage rooms of a Minoan palace, in Archanes, Heraklion Crete. Eight ceramic vessels and their subsamples, including the inner’/outer surface ceramic pores, crusts and topsoils, as well as five soil samples, found in contact with the ceramics during excavation, were analyzed. Molecular markers are compounds identified in archaeological materials that provide information about human activity in the past. The identification of chemical compounds in organic residues, the observation of their distribution within the subsamples of each ceramic vessel and the discrimination of molecular markers of various food types from compounds due to microbial or modern chemical contamination, were the main objectives of the present study. Water:methanol solutions in a ratio of 4:1 and chloroform were the solvent systems used for the extraction of the organic residues from the ceramic vessels. Small organic acids, saccharides, alcohols and fatty acids, were identified in the organic residues with the aid of one and two dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The analytical results showed that acetic acid, glycolic, lactic, propionic, hydroxy-propionic, succinic acid as well as saturated fatty acids and the disaccharide trehalose, are more or less associated with microbial contamination, since they were identified in almost all samples. By contrast, the monosaccharides glucose and fructose were only identified in one particular sample, and they are well known as the main sugars in honey. The identification of the monounsaturated fatty acid oleic acid in two specific vessels was used as evidence of olive oil storage, probably scented, while the compounds 2,3-butanediol and acetoin were proposed as wine markers in one ceramic vessel, based mainly on the stereochemistry of butanediol obtained from NMR analysis. On the contrary tartaric acid, which is the most common marker used for wine identification in ceramic vessels, was only found in minor quantities, on soil and crust samples. Finally, butyric acid identified in one ceramic sample, might be related to foods of animal origin or dairy products, although at present a possible microbial origin cannot be excluded.

Language

Greek

Subject

Ceramic vessel

Molecular marker

Organic residues

Κεραμικό όστρακο

Μοριακός δείκτης

Οργανικά υπολείμματα

Φασματοσκοπία NMR

Issue date

2018-11-30