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Identifier

000423633

Title

Discrimination of cancer cells and tissues by applying advanced nonlinear microscopy techniques

Alternative Title

Ανάπτυξη απεικονιστικών τεχνικών μη-γραμμικής μικροσκοπίας για την διάκριση καρκινικών κυττάρων

Author

Γαυγιωτάκη, Ευαγγελία

Thesis advisor

Αγγελάκη, Σοφία

Reviewer

Κωτσάκης, Αθανάσιος
Αθανασάκη, Ειρήνη

Abstract

The aim of this thesis was to develop advanced new microscopic non-invasive techniques as novel diagnostic tools for cancer research. The past decades have seen the rapid development of imaging techniques that limited in visualizing the vasculature and organ structures. Until now the observation in cellular level requires tissue isolation and appropriate treatment for immunohistochemical, protein or molecular analysis. Non-linear microscopy offer non-invasive visualization in subcellular level, without the need of any preparation of the samples e.g. fixation or staining. The main objective of this dissertation is the discrimination of cancer cells and tissues by developing non-destructive, label free microscope techniques. First , quantitative discrimination of the different subtypes of human breast cancer cell lines was achieved as compared to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) based on their lipid content. These results combined with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and provided additional valuable chemical information on breast cancer cells, correlating Third Harmonic Generation (THG) signal to lipid drafts . Furthermore, non-linear microscopy techniques were used as novel digital pathology methods in human breast cancer tissues. It was shown that the quantification of THG signals can differentiate malignant from normal breast tissue samples and distinguish the different grades of cancer. This study has a significant clinical potential since it can monitor quantitative changes in cellular behavior in healthy and pathological human tissues. Finally, the detection of mouse T cells activation achieved by using THG imaging in an attempt to follow the immune response development. THG signal was correlated with Raman Spectroscopy and implemented during T cell activation in the presence of higher concentration of cholesterol and lipids. This essay provided an important opportunity to advance the understanding of cancer research by utilizing non-invasive innovative spectroscopic modalities. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed in these investigations in case of cancer diagnosis and immunotherapy. The findings of this thesis revealed that non-linear microscopy techniques could be used as promising tools in the future for the determination of cancer limits at subcellular level during surgery.

Language

English

Subject

Breast tissues

Diagnosis

Διάγνωση

Καρκινικοί ιστοί

Issue date

2019-07-17

Collection

School/Department--School of Medicine--Department of Medicine--Doctoral theses

Type of Work--Doctoral theses